“My body aches and my head is throbbing. Do I have the flu or is it just because I’m stressed or tired? Do I need a flu shot? Do I need the H1N1 vaccine, too?”

Millions of Americans will be asking themselves these and more questions this fall and winter as news reports and health care providers continue to warn about seasonal influenza and novel H1N1 influenza, otherwise known as swine flu.

The flu symptoms self-assessment tool on MayoClinic.com can help you assess whether you or your loved ones have some form of flu, or just a cold. If you possibly or likely have the flu, you’ll also learn whether antiviral medication is an option. And you can check a concise list of high-risk groups who should seek medical attention for the flu.

Flu – influenza – is caused by a virus that attacks your respiratory system. Health experts agree that if you’re generally in good health, the flu – either seasonal or H1N1 – will likely do no more than make you feel rotten for a few days. You probably won’t develop complications or need to go to the hospital. If, however, you have an already weakened immune system or are among those considered high risk – such as infants, young children, pregnant women or the elderly – the flu can be a serious and even fatal illness.

Common symptoms of both the seasonal and swine flu include:

* Sudden onset. Colds usually develop over a few days and are only a nuisance. Flu hits you quickly and hard.

* Chills, sweats, headache and body aches, especially in the back, arms and legs.

* Fever higher than 101 F in adults and up to 103 or 105 in children.

* Nasal congestion but a dry cough.

* Overall weakness and fatigue.

* No appetite in adults and children, and diarrhea and vomiting in children.

* Worsening of chronic ailments like asthma, diabetes and heart disease.

Most healthy adults will only need to treat the symptoms and let the illness run its course. Infants, young children or adults at risk of complications, however, should see the doctor right away. Antiviral drugs, taken in the first 48 hours that symptoms develop, may trim the length of the illness and help prevent the development of serious complications like pneumonia.

Ultimately, getting vaccinated is the best way to protect yourself and your loved ones from contracting the flu. Talk to your health care provider about getting vaccinated. Visit www.MayoClinic.com for more information on managing your health.

Pregnant women have a lot on their to-do list, but rarely does it seem that flu protection is part of their prenatal health plan. This year, the flu presents an added threat to pregnant women and their newborns because of the new H1N1 (swine) flu virus. And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and women’s health experts have identified pregnant women as a priority group for seasonal and H1N1 flu vaccination.

Yet a new survey, conducted on behalf of HealthyWomen by Harris Interactive in September, shows that while the majority of pregnant women and new moms are concerned about getting the H1N1 flu, only about one in four plan to get the H1N1 flu shot and less than half will get the seasonal flu shot this year.

The survey of 668 pregnant women and new mothers, 154 of whom are Hispanic, showed that only half of women (50 percent) know that getting a flu shot while pregnant will protect themselves and their newborn babies after birth.

“These survey results show the urgent need to educate pregnant women on the facts, benefits and safety of getting both the seasonal and H1N1 flu shots,” says registered nurse Elizabeth Battaglino Cahill, executive director of HealthyWomen. “Both the seasonal and H1N1 flu shots are safe for women to get during any stage of pregnancy and the shots are available in thimerosal-free forms, for those who are concerned about mercury preservatives. Pregnant women need to know that the best protection against the flu, for themselves and for their infants after birth, is to get a flu shot during pregnancy.”

To answer women’s questions about flu shots during pregnancy, HealthyWomen and the Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) are conducting the “Flu-Free and a Mom-to-Be: Protect Yourself, Protect Your Baby, Get Your Flu Shots!” campaign. The campaign, supported by CSL Biotherapies, educates women about the risk of flu infection and complications during pregnancy. It also provides information on the facts, benefits and safety of flu shots. Support of the “Flu-Free and a Mom-to-Be” campaign reflects CSL Biotherapies’ ongoing commitment to raising awareness of influenza vaccination among priority populations. For more information about CSL Biotherapies, visit cslbiotherapies-us.com.

Pregnant women are at higher risk of hospitalization for complications from the flu due to physiologic changes associated with pregnancy, such as an increase in heart rate, reduction in lung capacity and changes in immune responses. Newborns too are extremely vulnerable to flu infection but are unable to get vaccinated until after they are 6 months old. The good news is that a pregnant woman can protect herself and later protect her newborn, against flu by getting her flu shots during pregnancy. In fact, according to a 2008 New England Journal of Medicine study, women who were vaccinated against the flu while pregnant or breast-feeding reduced the likelihood of flu infection in their newborns by 63 percent through passed immunity.

Talk to your healthcare provider about getting vaccinated against both the seasonal and H1N1 flu shots if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or a new mom this flu season. If you are concerned about thimerosal, the mercury-based preservative in some vaccines, there are thimerosal-free options available for both the seasonal and H1N1 flu shots. For more information, visit www.healthywomen.org/flufree. Information on the Web site includes:

* Answers to common questions and myths regarding flu shots during pregnancy

* The health benefits of getting flu shots during pregnancy for mom and baby

* The differences between seasonal and the new H1N1 flu viruses and why there are two vaccines this flu season

* The availability of thimerosal-free flu vaccines, for those concerned about vaccine preservatives

* Why pregnant women should receive the injectable versus the nasal spray flu vaccine

Keep yourself and your family flu-free this season by visiting getting both the seasonal and H1N1 flu shots.

Seasonal flu will face new opponents this year. Soccer legends and moms Mia Hamm and Brandi Chastain are teaming up with Women’s Professional Soccer (WPS) to make seasonal flu vaccination a higher priority. The effort is part of a national education campaign called “Don’t Play with the Flu,” which aims to increase seasonal flu vaccination rates for eligible kids and families across the country.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the single best way families can help prevent the seasonal flu is by getting a vaccination – every year – for those individuals who are eligible to receive it. Plus, the CDC now recommends a seasonal flu vaccine each year for all children 6 months through 18 years of age. Parents can also help protect themselves by getting vaccinated.

“My family and I don’t have time to play with the flu,” explained soccer icon Brandi Chastain, when asked why she joined the campaign. Chastain balances her family life as a wife and mom with her role as a player for the WPS FC Gold Pride from the San Francisco Bay Area. “We juggle a lot. Family activities, practice, travel. We do our best to stay healthy by exercising, eating right, and getting plenty of rest. We also help defend and protect ourselves each year by getting a flu vaccine.”

As many as 60 million Americans get the seasonal flu each year and resulting complications cause more than 200,000 hospitalizations. Children commonly need medical care to treat seasonal flu, especially before they reach five years of age. Each year, an average of 20,000 children under the age of five will be hospitalized as a result of flu complications. Kids between the ages of 2 and 17 are twice as likely to get the flu as adults and are a main source for spreading the flu among their peers, family members, elderly and high-risk individuals. According to one analysis, students missed approximately 38 million school days due to seasonal flu in one year.

“Along with all the things that parents know are important for helping keep their kids healthy – like washing hands and getting enough sleep – flu vaccination should be at the top of the list,” said Anne Moscona, M.D., professor of pediatrics at Weill Cornell Medical Center and mother of two. “As parents, it’s important we ask about yearly flu vaccines to help protect our kids – and ourselves – from flu.”

The CDC recommends flu vaccination begin as soon as vaccines are available, which can be as early as August or September, and continue throughout the flu season, which can extend through the winter and beyond. There are two types of seasonal flu vaccine: the shot and the nasal spray. Talk to your healthcare provider about vaccine options, eligibility, and how to help protect your family from seasonal flu.

“My family and I get a seasonal flu vaccine every year,” said Hamm, international soccer legend and proud mother of twins. “That way we can concentrate on all the other things we do to stay healthy on and off the field.”

To hear more from Hamm and Chastain, visit www.DontPlaywiththeFlu.com or www.facebook.com/DontPlaywiththeFlu.

The flu seems to be top-of-mind right now for almost everyone, especially moms. And while many moms are taking extra measures this year to protect kids from both seasonal flu and H1N1, they may neglect getting their own flu shot. With kids, husbands, schools, friends, communities and employers depending on moms for so much, it’s more important than ever for moms to get vaccinated against seasonal flu this year.

As many as one in five Americans ends up suffering from the flu each year and more than 200,000 people are hospitalized due to flu-related complications, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most cases result in a few days in bed, which is far from rest and relaxation for the do-it-all mom. When the flu bug bites mom, it can seriously impact the family, as she may not be able to care for the home and kids as she normally does.

“Moms today are busier than ever and the No. 1 thing they’re looking for is convenience,” says Dr. Lucy Crane, Walgreens corporate medical director. “A seasonal flu shot is the best protection against getting the virus and now it’s quick and easy to stop by a neighborhood pharmacy like Walgreens to get one. We know the critical role moms play every day and when mom is down and out, the whole family usually suffers.”

As the holiday season approaches, moms are reminded of the many reasons they should make time for themselves to receive a flu shot – to protect themselves and the ones they love:

* Holiday celebrations – From Halloween to New Year’s Eve, there are endless feasts and festivals with family and friends. To keep the good times rolling, roll up your sleeve for a flu shot, get plenty of rest to help keep your immune system strong and keep anti-bacterial wipes handy in kitchens and bathrooms for yourselves and guests.

* Travel – Traveling is a notorious way to swap germs with strangers. Seasonal flu vaccinations and good habits, like frequent and thorough hand-washing or use of hand sanitizers, drinking plenty of water and coughing or sneezing into tissues (and then throwing them away) are the best defenses against bringing an unwanted passenger on your trip.

* Job and career – Sick kids or sick moms can result in use of sick days (if you have them) or lost wages. For working moms, it’s important to stay healthy and bring home the bacon, and not the flu, too. Urge co-workers to get seasonal flu shots to reduce overall risk of picking up more than a paycheck at work.

Getting a seasonal flu shot is a lot easier than it used to be, with pharmacies, clinics and even airports among those now offering this important service.

Walgreens has taken a leadership role in flu prevention, assembling a network of 16,000 certified immunizers, made up of pharmacists, physician’s assistants and nurse practitioners. Seasonal flu shots are $24.99 and may be covered by insurance plans as well as Medicare Part B. For the latest information on seasonal flu and to find a local store offering seasonal flu shots, visit www.Walgreens.com/flu.

No matter how busy you are, your family and friends will thank you for arming yourself against the seasonal flu this year.

With the emergence of the 2009 H1N1 virus and the presence of annual seasonal flu, health experts are concerned that this flu season could be more confusing than ever for families. Recent studies point to misunderstandings about what families should do to help prevent the spread of these viruses.

While the 2009 H1N1 virus continues to dominate headlines, many U.S. adults still have questions about seasonal flu, including prevention steps and the effectiveness of the vaccine, according to a recent survey from the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID). Additionally, a separate survey from The Clorox Company found that nearly half of adults believe that the 2009 H1N1 virus is the same as seasonal flu.

“It’s no secret that this year’s flu season is complicated. With multiple vaccines, we want to help families easily understand the right steps to help prevent the spread of the flu,” said Heather McKenzie, RN, Visiting Nurse Associations of America’s Senior Director of Clinical Education and Quality Initiatives.

Seasonal flu is a serious infection – it is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable deaths for children, killing on average 100 American children less than five years old every year and hospitalizing over 20,000. Vaccination is the first step in flu prevention. In fact, last year the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded their flu vaccination recommendations to include all children from 6 months through 18 years old.

Take Prevention Steps at Home
Some flu vaccine manufacturers are reporting a delay in their shipments of seasonal flu vaccine, meaning it might take a little longer than usual for the vaccination to be available in some areas. This makes it even more important to practice these other simple steps to help prevent the spread of the seasonal and H1N1 flu viruses in the home:

* Wash Hands Frequently: Wash hands with warm water and soap for at least 20 seconds (the time it takes to sing the “Happy Birthday” song twice).

* Disinfect Germ Hot Spots: Disinfect the surfaces kids touch most frequently – like doorknobs, faucets or plastic toys.

* Do the Elbow Cough: Cough and sneeze into your elbow instead of your hands to help prevent the spread of germs from touch.

* Follow Good Health Guidelines: Eat right, exercise and get plenty of sleep to help boost your body’s ability to fight the effects of colds and the flu.

Help Your Family Say “Boo!” to the Flu
To increase the number of families vaccinated against seasonal flu and educate parents on other flu prevention steps, the Visiting Nurse Associations of America, Families Fighting Flu and The Clorox Company teamed up again for Say “Boo!” to the Flu. The family-friendly program is larger than ever this year and even offers an updated, comprehensive online flu resource.

Online at www.SayBooToTheFlu.com, parents can take a pledge to vaccinate their families and help spread prevention in their communities. They can also find out where they can get vaccinated in their areas and get up-to-the minute information to help navigate this flu season, including news updates from the CDC.

“My wife and I didn’t realize how important one flu vaccination could be until we lost our daughter, Amanda, to the seasonal flu,” said Richard Kanowitz, President of Families Fighting Flu. “We are committed to educating parents about the importance of getting their families vaccinated against both the seasonal flu and the 2009 H1N1 virus. I urge all parents to visit www.SayBooToTheFlu.com, pledge to help their families stay healthier this flu season and find out if there is a flu vaccination event in their area.”

It’s not unusual to see viruses make headlines, but the recent threat of H1N1 swine flu has captured everyone’s attention. On June 11, 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention raised the H1N1 pandemic status to level six, indicating an international pandemic. This change has left many people wondering what they can do to keep themselves and their families healthy.

Why is H1N1 different than other viruses? Recently, scientists discovered that the 2009 H1N1 swine flu virus is more like the H5N1 avian flu than the historic 1918 pandemic H1N1 Spanish flu strain. That means previous flu vaccines are less effective and extra precautions at home should take place.

In a teleconference with colleagues, Dr. Roger Mazlen, an internist in Rosyln Heights, N.Y., with more than 30 years of experience practicing internal medicine and nutrition, discussed the current swine flu outbreaks.

Swine flu, or H1N1, was first isolated in a pig in 1930, according to the CDC. The virus has demonstrated an ability to migrate from domestic pigs to humans. Mazlen says there are several factors contributing to the current swine flu outbreak, including environmental, cultural and economic issues.

“The current recession, loss of retirement funds, compromised nutrition, reduced exercise, obesity and other factors produce immune depression. A depressed immune system cannot fight off the invasion of viral and other pathogens that attempt to find a home to set up infections in our bodies,” he says.

In order to help you and your family during the 2009/10 flu season, Mazlen offers these protection strategies:

1. Wash your hands frequently and stay hydrated
“Frequent hand washing is a start. Also, lots of daily water helps to hydrate the body and assist the immune system,” he says.

2. Fish oil helps supports the immune system.
Vitamin and mineral supplements add fortification, but Mazlen suggests adding fish oil because of its clinically-proven immune function support. Fish oil blends are available as gel capsules or in liquid form at health-food stores and several different brands are also available at www.puritan.com.

3. Use a prescription right away.
Mazlen says that Tamiflu, the currently recommended prescription medication used in flu and swine flu, is most effective when used within a few hours of the first viral symptoms. But swine flu, as reported by the CDC, has an ability to mutate within hours. Tamiflu may be effective for swine flu in the morning, and may be ineffective by the end of the day because of viral mutation.

4. Skip the Echinacea
When asked if the popular herbal remedy Echinacea could be effective, Mazlen explains that studies have proved the product has minimal effectiveness. He says he prefers a natural immune-stimulating product, which he has used with over 500 patients, including his family members. The product was originally developed in Russia, but is now made in the United States. Mazlen says he has had good results during the past years with patients fighting flu and other infections. The product, Del-Immune V, is available at www.delimmune.com.

Early measures to protect health might be the key to minimizing potentially serious infections. “It is important to have an immune defense strategy this year — the earlier the better,” Mazlen concludes.

The flu seems to be top-of-mind right now for almost everyone, especially moms. And while many moms are taking extra measures this year to protect kids from both seasonal flu and H1N1, they may neglect getting their own flu shot. With kids, husbands, schools, friends, communities and employers depending on moms for so much, it’s more important than ever for moms to get vaccinated against seasonal flu this year.

As many as one in five Americans ends up suffering from the flu each year and more than 200,000 people are hospitalized due to flu-related complications, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most cases result in a few days in bed, which is far from rest and relaxation for the do-it-all mom. When the flu bug bites mom, it can seriously impact the family, as she may not be able to care for the home and kids as she normally does.

“Moms today are busier than ever and the No. 1 thing they’re looking for is convenience,” says Dr. Lucy Crane, Walgreens corporate medical director. “A seasonal flu shot is the best protection against getting the virus and now it’s quick and easy to stop by a neighborhood pharmacy like Walgreens to get one. We know the critical role moms play every day and when mom is down and out, the whole family usually suffers.”

As the holiday season approaches, moms are reminded of the many reasons they should make time for themselves to receive a flu shot – to protect themselves and the ones they love:

* Holiday celebrations – From Halloween to New Year’s Eve, there are endless feasts and festivals with family and friends. To keep the good times rolling, roll up your sleeve for a flu shot, get plenty of rest to help keep your immune system strong and keep anti-bacterial wipes handy in kitchens and bathrooms for yourselves and guests.

* Travel – Traveling is a notorious way to swap germs with strangers. Seasonal flu vaccinations and good habits, like frequent and thorough hand-washing or use of hand sanitizers, drinking plenty of water and coughing or sneezing into tissues (and then throwing them away) are the best defenses against bringing an unwanted passenger on your trip.

* Job and career – Sick kids or sick moms can result in use of sick days (if you have them) or lost wages. For working moms, it’s important to stay healthy and bring home the bacon, and not the flu, too. Urge co-workers to get seasonal flu shots to reduce overall risk of picking up more than a paycheck at work.

Getting a seasonal flu shot is a lot easier than it used to be, with pharmacies, clinics and even airports among those now offering this important service.

Walgreens has taken a leadership role in flu prevention, assembling a network of 16,000 certified immunizers, made up of pharmacists, physician’s assistants and nurse practitioners. Seasonal flu shots are $24.99 and may be covered by insurance plans as well as Medicare Part B. For the latest information on seasonal flu and to find a local store offering seasonal flu shots, visit www.Walgreens.com/flu.

No matter how busy you are, your family and friends will thank you for arming yourself against the seasonal flu this year.

Your best defense against swine flu and other viruses this flu season may well be the humble paper hand towel. At least one study shows that using a disposable hand towel to dry your hands reduces germs on them by 77 percent.

Damp hands spread 1,000 times more germs than dry hands, according to a report in the journal, Epidemiology and Infection. It is therefore as important to dry your hands as it is to wash them carefully with soap and warm water. When away from home, a single-use paper towel ensures that hands can be completely dried and are virtually germ-free.

Paper hand towels also help the cleaning itself, due to generated friction. Up to 99 percent of germs can be removed by drying your hands properly, the report states. The drier your hands, the safer you will be.

Paper towels are the key to hygienic hands
Getting from 90 percent dry to nearly 100 percent dry is extremely important. A single-use paper towel is the most effective option, as it only takes a few seconds to dry your hands completely and removes nearly 100 percent of germs.

A 2008 University of Westminster study shows disposable hand towels are the only option that reduces the number of germs on your hands (by up to 77 percent). Many people believe incorrectly that hot air drying is the most hygienic way to dry your hands, but compared to single use paper towels, warm air dryers can actually increase the bacteria on hands by up to 254 percent. Additionally, these dryers take an average of 43 seconds to get your hands only 95 percent dry.

“According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, up to 40 percent of Americans could contract the swine flu (H1N1) virus through 2010. Properly washing and, equally important, effectively drying your hands are simple ways of dramatically decreasing your risk of being infected,” says Mike Kapalko, SCA Tissue’s Environmental & Tork Services manager. “As a leader in hygienic solutions, Tork provides businesses and consumers with handwashing resources such as posters and educational videos through our Web site.”

The WHO estimates that 2 billion people, one third of the world’s population, could be infected before the end of the pandemic and North American college and university campuses have begun to report hundreds, and in one case thousands, of potential H1N1 cases over the past two weeks.

Viruses can survive on common surfaces like faucet or door handles for up to 72 hours, and considering people touch over 300 different surfaces every 30 minutes, good hand hygiene is essential to minimize the spread.

Paper hand towels are also the preferred way of drying hands in public washrooms, as demonstrated in a recent Harris Interactive Consumer Poll comparing users’ attitudes toward different hand-drying solutions. A clear majority (55 percent) prefer single-use paper towels to jet air dryers (25 percent), warm and hot air dryers (16 percent) and cloth or linen towels (1 percent).

Visit www.torkusa.com/handwashingvideo to view an informational video by Tork on proper handwashing.

Special Features for the 3M 1860 Surgical Mask: Benefits of the 3M 1860 respirator (MMM1870, MMM1860, MMM1860S) * NIOSH approved as a Type N95 respirator to meet OSHA requirements and CDC guidelines for TB exposure control. Tests conducted by NIOSH in accordance with 42 CFR 84. * Can be used during laser surgery, electrocautery and other procedures using powered medical instruments to help reduce wearer exposure to airborne particles (plume, smoke) generated during these procedures. * >99% BFE* to help reduce patient contamination caused by exhaled microorganisms. * Fluid resistant to help reduce potential exposure of the wearer to the spray, spatter and aerosol of blood and body fluids. * 3M offers training materials and services to help meet OSHA training regulations for the use of respirators. * The respirators do not contain either natural rubber latex or dry natural rubber as components in the products or packaging. * The 1860 respirator is available in regular (1860) and small sizes (1860S) to fit a variety of face shapes and sizes. * The 1870 respirator fits most face sizes and head shapes, allowing standardization to a single respirator for use in the facility. * Hypoallergenic to reduce chance of allergic reaction. * Both styles of respirators are NIOSH certified tested against a 0.3 micron particle (mass median aerodynamic diameter) per 42 CFR 84. * Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE) determined by the modified Greene and Vesley test method. Suggested Applications for the 3M 1860 Surgical Mask * TB exposure control * Laser and electrocautery surgery

The 3MTM 1860 AND 1860S Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical MaskS are NIOSH approved as a Type N95 respirator to meet OSHA requirements and CDC guidelines for TB exposure control.

The model 1860 may be used during laser surgery, electrocautery, and other procedures involving powered medical instruments. Intended to help reduce wearer exposure to airborne particles in a size range of 0.1 to > 10.0 microns generated during these procedures.

Fluid resistant to provide .99% BFE against microorganisms and help reduce potential contamination and exposure of the wearer to the spray, spatter, and aerosol of blood and body fluids.(20 masks per box)

Can I get infected with 2009 H1N1 virus from eating or preparing pork?

No. 2009 H1N1 viruses are not spread by food. You cannot get infected with novel HIN1 virus from eating pork or pork products. Eating properly handled and cooked pork products is safe.

Is there a risk from drinking water?

Tap water that has been treated by conventional disinfection processes does not likely pose a risk for transmission of influenza viruses. Current drinking water treatment regulations provide a high degree of protection from viruses. No research has been completed on the susceptibility of 2009 H1N1 flu virus to conventional drinking water treatment processes. However, recent studies have demonstrated that free chlorine levels typically used in drinking water treatment are adequate to inactivate highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza. It is likely that other influenza viruses such as 2009 H1N1 would also be similarly inactivated by chlorination. To date, there have been no documented human cases of influenza caused by exposure to influenza-contaminated drinking water.

Can 2009 H1N1 flu virus be spread through water in swimming pools, spas, water parks, interactive fountains, and other treated recreational water venues?

Influenza viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract. There has never been a documented case of influenza virus infection associated with water exposure. Recreational water that has been treated at CDC recommended disinfectant levels does not likely pose a risk for transmission of influenza viruses. No research has been completed on the susceptibility of 2009 H1N1 influenza virus to chlorine and other disinfectants used in swimming pools, spas, water parks, interactive fountains, and other treated recreational venues. However, recent studies have demonstrated that free chlorine levels recommended by CDC (1–3 parts per million [ppm or mg/L] for pools and 2–5 ppm for spas) are adequate to disinfect avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. It is likely that other influenza viruses such as 2009 H1N1 virus would also be similarly disinfected by chlorine.

Can 2009 H1N1 influenza virus be spread at recreational water venues outside of the water?

Yes, recreational water venues are no different than any other group setting. The spread of this 2009 H1N1 flu is thought to be happening in the same way that seasonal flu spreads. Flu viruses are spread mainly from person to person through coughing or sneezing of people with influenza. Sometimes people may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.

Source: Center for Disease Control (CDC)